Red Grapes Polyphenols Prevent Repeat Blockage of blood vessels Heart.

Polyphenols, found in red grapes, a day expected to be used as one ingredient for anti-restenosis drug DES (Drug-eluting stents). This conclusion is the result of a pre-clinical research conducted by Jim Kleinedler and colleagues from Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States and ilmuah session presented at the American Heart Association's Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology 2011.
Studies on polyphenols that have been done previously shown that resveratrol, one of the natural polyphenol found in grapes skins and in high concentrations in red grapes, may reduce restenosis, the re-endotelialisasi spur, and reduces the activation of inflammatory cells in animals. In addition, resveratrol proved to have antioxidant effects and antiapoptosis. Along with his ability as an anti-inflammatory, is estimated to have the effect kardioproteksi resveratrol, inhibits platelet aggregrasi, and has the effect vasorelaksasi. Resveratrol protects vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress induced by oxLDL inhibited NOX activity (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase) and inhibits ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species).

Jim Kleinedler said that the results of DES studies ever conducted shows that the anti-proliferative material inserted into the stent is to inhibit proliferation of smooth muscle, but these materials also work in non-selective on the walls of blood vessels and inhibits endothelium reform functional. By inhibition or prolongation endotelisasi can occur increasing the risk of unwanted thrombosis after stenting. Therefore, the diperlukkan in the stent are the ingredients that could prevent restenosis, but yet still trigger a re-endotelisasi, as can be done by a polyphenol found in red grapes. According to Jim Kleinedler DES current medications is still limited in terms of pharmacologic target. Materials polyphenols from red grapes is expected to be about a lot of targets because of the effects of polyphenols is very broad, which in turn can increase endotelisasi.


In cooperation with Nanocopoeia which is a pharmaceutical manufacturing company in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States, Jim and his colleagues put a stent Kleinedler filled with polyphenol ingredients into carotid arteries in mice. The purpose of the research was to compare the proliferation of endothelial cells between rats treated with a stent with high doses of polyphenols, a low dose, with BES (Bare-Metal Stents) and without a stent (as control). The results showed that after stenting, stent with polyphenols, either high dose or low dose of re-endotelisasi trigger faster than the BES and control. This study also shows that the polyphenols that migrate to the wound site because the stent is faster than DES drugs in previous studies.

The result of pre-clinical research conducted by Jim Kleinedler and colleagues showed that red grapes polyphenols material, which is inserted into the DES reduce neointima hyperplasia and spur the re-endotelialisasi in mice that underwent angioplasty action, and thereby reduce the risk of thrombosis. This research needs to be confirmed further by conducting research involving more subjects, the study period is longer, and involve other experimental animals before doing this research in humans.

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